Grenzen der Virtualisierung?: Zum Wandel von Arbeitskommunikation in ortsungebundener Arbeit

The COVID-19-Pandemic has led to considerably more remote work, a trend that is likely to continue in the future. Based on 23 narration-oriented interviews with university employees, the article examines how the communication of office workers has changed due to an increasing share of collaboration in spatial distance. The article outlines the functionality of (partially) virtualized communication as well as the changes brought about for work-related and informal exchange between employees. The findings point to significant changes in collaborative work practice: both work process related and informal communication are thinned out, resulting in a more individualized practice of working as well as increasing interpersonal distance in virtual work settings.Alternate :Seit Beginn der Corona-Pandemie wird immer mehr Arbeit (zumindest anteilig) ortsungebunden außerhalb des Betriebs verrichtet, eine Tendenz, die aller Voraussicht nach auch in Zukunft bestehen bleiben wird. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht auf der Grundlage narrationsorientierter Interviews mit Universitätsangehörigen, wie sich die Kommunikation von Bürobeschäftigten durch eine zunehmende räumliche Distanz zwischen diesen gewandelt hat. Der Beitrag skizziert die Funktionalität von (teil)virtualisierter Kommunikation sowie die Veränderungen, die sich für arbeitsbezogenen sowie informellen Austausch zwischen Beschäftigten ergeben. Die Befunde verweisen auf wesentliche Veränderungen der kollaborativen Arbeitspraxis: Sowohl arbeitsprozessbezogene als auch informelle Kommunikation werden ausgedünnt, was im Ergebnis zu einer stärker individualisierten Praxis des Arbeitens sowie einer zunehmenden zwischenmenschlichen Distanz in virtuellen Arbeitssettings führt.

Perception of Agile Teams About Home Office During the Covid-19

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a massive migration from working in the office to working from home (WFH) and the software development teams had to adapt to the new reality. This paper focused on how the agile teams dealt with the challenges of WFH and how this affected the software development process. To capture the perceptions of the agile teams, we carried out a survey that investigated the following aspects of WFH: work routine, collaboration, communication, productivity, transparency, challenges, and the software development process itself. The survey received 127 valid responses from agile team members and the results revealed that i) most of the members of agile teams considered the work continued as usual regardless of the place (office or remote);ii) 80% of members of agile teams mentioned an increase in productivity during WFH;iii) 85% of participants are using Scrum as management strategy;iv) communication between teams members during the remote working model was perceived as more effective;v) Microsoft Teams and Google Meets were the most used interactions tools by members of agile teams. Copyright © 2023 by SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Work fatigue during COVID-19 lockdown teleworking: the role of psychosocial, environmental, and social working conditions.

Background: During national lockdowns in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, previously office-based workers who transitioned to home-based teleworking faced additional demands (e.g., childcare, inadequate homeworking spaces) likely resulting in poor work privacy fit. Previous office research suggests poor work privacy fit is associated with lower wellbeing and higher work fatigue. Emerging evidence suggests a relationship between childcare duties during pandemic teleworking and work fatigue. In addition to psychosocial working conditions (job demand, job control, and job change management), which are acknowledged predictors of work fatigue, this poses a significant threat to occupational health during pandemic teleworking. However, the relative effects of aspects of the psychosocial environment (job demands and resources), the home office environment (including privacy fit), and the social environment (childcare) on work fatigue as well as their interactions are under-explored. Objective: This study examined the relationships between the psychosocial, environmental, and social working conditions of teleworking during the first COVID-19 lockdown and work fatigue. Specifically, the study examined teleworkers' physical work environment (e.g., if and how home office space is shared, crowding, and noise perceptions) as predictors of privacy fit and the relationship between privacy fit, childcare, psychosocial working conditions (job demand, job control, and job change management), and work fatigue. Work privacy fit was hypothesized to mediate the relationship between childcare and work fatigue. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted with teleworkers (n = 300) during the first COVID-19 lockdown in April and May 2020; most participants were in Germany, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Results: Path analysis was used to examine the hypothesized relationships. Privacy fit was lower for those reporting greater levels of noise in home-working spaces and those feeling crowded at home. Work fatigue was lower amongst those with greater privacy fit and higher amongst those with high levels of job demand. An indirect relationship was observed between childcare and work fatigue with privacy fit mediating this relationship. Conclusion: The influence of privacy fit has so far been largely neglected in research on teleworking, especially during the pandemic. However, its contribution to workers' wellbeing should be acknowledged in occupational health strategies.

Effects of Critical Components of Home Office on Ergonomics of Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: The COVID-19 has impacted our education system in various ways and to compensate the losses, teachers had to make quick transition from face to face teaching to online mode of teaching. This unexpected transition has entailed challenges and constraints for the health all of us. Objective: To find the effect of critical components of home-office on the ergonomics of workers. Study type, settings and duration: This cross sectional survey was conducted at Riphah International University (all departments), Lahore Grammar School, Lahore and Minhaj University, Lahore from March to June 2020. Methodology: This was a cross sectional survey on computer workers and faculty from educational setups such as university centers in an attempt to determine the effects of critical components of home-office on the ergonomics of the workers. The sample size was calculated to N=80. As per inclusion criteria, workers and members of faculty working on computers from Lahore, had worked from home-office during the lock down for consistent 4 months and the working should be synchronous, were included in this study. REBA questionnaire was used to collect data from the workers in person. Frequencies and percentages were calculated to find the impact of home-office components on the ergonomics of the workers. Results: The study found that 57% of computer workers between 26-30 years had a high risk index for poor ergonomics, with moderate changes in 71.3% of the population. The REBA score represents MSD risk for the job task and the design goal is 4. Conclusion: From this study it was concluded that nearly 70% of the population was having an ergonomically poor posture while working. In addition to that, in nearly half of the population the risk was significant.

'Location, Location, Location': An Exploration of Different Workplace Contexts in Remote Teamwork during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Much emphasis has been placed on how the affordances and layouts of an office setting can influence co-worker interactions and perceived team outcomes. Little is known, however, whether perceptions of teamwork and team conflict are affected when the location of work changes from the office to the home. To address this gap, we present findings from a ten-week,in situ study of 91 information workers from 27 US-based teams. We compare three distinct work locations - -private and shared workspaces at home as well at the office - -and explore how each location may impact individual perceptions of teamwork. While there was no significant association with participants' perceptions of teamwork, results revealed associations of work location with team conflict: participants who worked in a private room at home reported significantly lower team conflict compared to those working in the office. No difference was found for the office and the shared workspace. We further found that the influence of work location on team conflict interacted with job decision latitude and the level of task interdependence among co-workers. We discuss practical implications for full-time work from home (WFH) on teams. Our study adds an important environmental dimension to the literature on remote teaming, which in turn may help organizations as they consider, prepare, or implement more permanent WFH and/or hybrid work policies in the future. © 2023 Owner/Author.

Technostress at work during the COVID-19 lockdown phase (2020-2021): a systematic review of the literature.

Technostress is a psychosocial phenomenon associated with the use of technologies to the detriment of health, the same one that during the pandemic was accelerated in the work considering home confinement. This work aims to systematize the main research on the impact of technostress at work during the severe confinement stage of the pandemic, between the years 2020 and 2021, with the purpose of identify and evaluate its main determining factors. A systematic review of the literature was carried out during COVID-19, using the words "technostress work COVID-19." The works found focus mainly on analyzing the creators and inhibitors of technostress in workers, as well as the main consequences of the materialization of this technological risk associated with work performance during the stage of confinement by COVID-19. Techno invasion and techno overload were identified as the main techno stressors, with the main type of technostress appreciated in the literature being techno fatigue. Technostress is identified as a problem that had direct and relevant effects during the season of severe confinement and remote work at home due to COVID-19; highlighting techno fatigue as the most frequent type of stress, and techno stressors such as techno invasion and overload as the ones that presented the highest incidence.

Flexible Arrangements as a Trend on the Future of Work: A Systematic Literature Review

This research was developed before the world society was taken by surprise by the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). This fact accelerated the need for most companies to adapt to the home office regime of their workforce. The trail that the coronavirus has left is one of caution in the labor market and changes in the relationships between employers and employees. The objective of this article is to identify in the literature an overview of the evolution and trends of flexible work arrangements in companies and organizations over time. Data collection from integrative literature review in the Scopus and Web Of Science databases, of articles published without time restriction. The sample consisted of 562 studies, categorized and separated into periods in a longitudinal fashion. The issues that are trending about the future of work were identified, such as flexible work arrangements, the lack of labor legislation on remote work, telecommuting as a tool for sustainability, and the impact of these new work arrangements on work-life balance. In addition, we also have the issues that impact the management of people in telecommuting. We did not search for theses and dissertations that address the theme, which could bring even more recent results, but were beyond the scope of this research methodology. In the face of the coronavirus pandemic, which has taken the world by surprise, there is an impact on traditional work. Companies had to implement remote work urgently, without planning and theoretical foundation. This study is an input for companies and leaders who are dealing with the adoption of flexible working arrangements. In the current pandemic moment, remote work has gained unimaginable proportions. Labor relations need to be adapted and the management of this new modality becomes an urgent need and still under construction for use by business leaders.

Sociomateriality in Action: Theorizing Change in Sociomaterial Practices of Working from Home

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an enforced ‘big bang' adoption of working from home, involving the rapid implementation and diffusion of digital collaboration technologies. This radical shift to enforced working from home led to substantial changes in the practice of work. Using a qualitative research approach and drawing on the interview accounts of 29 knowledge workers required to work from home during the pandemic, the study identified five sociomaterial practices that were significantly disrupted and required reconfiguration of their constitutive social and material elements to renew them. The paper further shows evidence of the ongoing evolution of those sociomaterial practices among the participants, as temporary breakdowns in their performance led to further adjustments and fine-tuning. The study extends the body of knowledge on working from home and provides a fine-grained analysis of specific complexities of sociomaterial practice and change as actors utilize conceptual and contextual sensemaking to perceive and exploit possibilities for action in their unfolding practice of work. Against the backdrop of the increasing adoption of hybrid working in the aftermath of the pandemic, the paper offers four pillars derived from the findings that support the establishment of a conducive working from home environment. © 2023, The Author(s).

The Effects of Virtuality on Agile Development

In this article, we explore how agile development teams are affected by transition from physical to virtual agile teamwork. To this end, we examined three agile teams at a software company, which due to Covid-19 had to change from working in a shared office space to individual home offices. We find that virtual work affects agile development in that there are fewer interactions, more written communication, more formalized relationships, and increased use of documentation. Furthermore, we find that virtual agile teams need a different style of team management. In light of this, we discuss whether a virtual context is compatible with agile development, or whether the form of work is affected so much that it no longer can be considered agile. © 2022 IEEE Computer Society. All rights reserved.

Offerings and challenges of demand response ventilation under covid-19 scenarios

Owning to the outbreak of COVID-19, individuals have to spend more time indoor. It is therefore essential to prepare for a long-term healthy indoor working environment in the transition of post COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is no relevant research so far in investigating such crisis impacts around indoor environmental quality and economic-health issues while home offices are expected becoming common practice soon. Therefore, a case of single-family house in Sweden is specially investigated using IDA ICE. By comparing four predominant ventilation approaches, three operational schedules are proposed, covering different confinement for occupants. Main results show that the demand response ventilation (DRV) generally should sacrifice in remarkable performance in energy saving, and emission reduction to better confront with more challenges in indoor air quality, occupied thermal dissatisfaction fraction and air stagnation under the challenge of COVID-19 pandemic scenario. Altered ventilation strategy should be customized from increased outdoor air supply, various demand-control signal, displacement method towards a heathier homeworking environment. © International Building Performance Simulation Association, 2022

Changes in housing and location preferences due to home office in the Covid-19 pandemic?

With the shift of the workplace to the private home in the Covid-19-pandemic, the sphere of gainful employment has more or less abruptly invaded the private sphere and has not only led to necessary adaptations in houses and flats, but has also raised new questions about the attractiveness of residential locations. Based on the results of an online survey, this paper examines the influence of home office on housing and settlement structures. Considerations of co-working spaces, another form of mobile work, are also included in the analyses. The aim of the paper is to contribute to the discussion about the attractiveness of residential locations and the consequences of mobile working for housing behaviour. The results show: Contrary to what media discussions suggest, no clear effects on location preferences or a ‘new desire for the countryside' can be identified (so far). Furthermore, there is an increased willingness to move, especially in flats that are perceived as too small;dissatisfaction with the flat is higher among respondents with little space. Co-working Spaces do not yet play a role, but respondents with a preference for flexible forms of work are considering them. © 2022 Spellerberg;licensee oekom.

Feedback on Shopping Receipt Data Through a Mobile App: A Pilot Study

Mobile applications have become popular tools for supporting healthy nutrition behavior. Current tools are primarily based on the detailed tracking of a user's direct consumption, thus intervening only during or even after a user has eaten something. With increasing home office hours (especially during the COVID-19 pandemic), people are eating more often at home, which has also led to a decrease in fruit and vegetable consumption. Therefore, we aim to support people in the food-shopping process. We suggest a mobile application that helps people reflect on their purchases and tries to nudge users toward healthier product choices. We conducted a pilot study with 31 participants who used the application for two consecutive weeks. During this time, we observed a decrease in the caloric values per 100 g of purchases. Furthermore, we collected positive feedback on the app regarding acceptance, usability, and user experience. © 2023 IEEE Computer Society. All rights reserved.

Betriebliche Absichten für gesundheitsförderliche Telearbeit nach dem COVID-19-Lockdown 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrundUnternehmen mussten wegen der Pandemie im Frühjahr 2020 schnelle Lösungen für die Weiterarbeit – von zu Hause aus – finden. Die Arbeitsbedingungen zu Hause (Telearbeit) entsprechen nicht immer den Grundprinzipien und Qualitätskriterien der betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung (BGF).FragestellungWie stark ist der Ansatz gesundheitsförderlicher Telearbeit (Arbeit im Homeoffice) in Betrieben verankert und was beeinflusst die strategische Etablierung und Nutzung unterstützender Materialien?Material und MethodenTheoretisch abgeleitete Hypothesen wurden operationalisiert und 1858 österreichische Betriebe zur Teilnahme an einer Online-Befragung eingeladen. Die Stichprobe (n = 192) repräsentiert einen breiten Mix aus Unternehmensgrößen, Sektoren und Regionen.ErgebnisseBetriebe variieren stark in der Absicht zukünftig gesundheitsförderliche Telearbeit umzusetzen. Ein Teil der Variation kann durch multivariate Pfadmodelle aufgeklärt werden, wobei die Verhaltenskontrolle und die sozialen Normen eine zentrale Rolle einnehmen. Erstere wird vom Grad der Vorbereitung auf Telearbeit und ihre Umsetzung im Unternehmen bestimmt. Insbesondere zeigt sich, dass die Telearbeitskultur und die ‑bereitschaft für die Stärke von sozialen Normen gegenüber der Umsetzung von Telearbeit verantwortlich sind.SchlussfolgerungTelearbeit wurde bisher zu wenig im Sinne einer ganzheitlichen BGF betrachtet. Eine derartige Umsetzung hängt stark von Unternehmensstrukturen und -prozessen, der Kultur und den Handlungsspielräumen der Entscheidungsträger ab. Betrieben wird empfohlen, Kompetenzen aufzubauen und sich am Konzept der Kapazitätsbildung zu orientieren.

Activation of the Groundswell in the Segment of Bicycle Manufacturers

In addition to the massive home office, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought an enormous increase in the popularity of outdoor activities. This was also reflected in the very high demand for bicycles and accessories for cyclists, which led to the groundswell effect and an increase in fan interaction and engagement within the social media profiles of bicycle manufacturers. The research design in the present paper contains a consistent and synergistically balanced share of qualitative and quantitative methods. Within the theoretical background, methods of analysis of sources from leading authors are used, especially from articles based on leading scientific journals and proceedings. The practical part uses quantitative methods in the form of data collection through the tools Zoomsphere and Socialblade. The selection of assessed business entities consisted of a ranking of profitability and evaluation according to the leading portal designed for the segment of cyclists. The findings point to the content structure of profiles on social media in the segment of bicycle manufacturers. They also point to the content structure of the best contributions on these social media and to the recommendations in the form of categories for the bicycle manufacturers segment. The authors also define the best types of posts for future content in that segment. Domestic and global businesses in this segment require knowledge of the laws on social media in the form of user behavior and the groundswell effect. The limits of the findings are in the selection of business entities, which were selected on the basis of profitability and evaluation according to the leading cycling portal, also within the limits of social media analysis and management tools. Despite the above facts, the added value exceeds the limits within the author's contribution. The originality of the paper is based mainly on the fact that the selected segment from the point of view of the groundswell effect is unexplored. It is important to examine this segment, especially due to the high demand for products in this segment and the relentless interest in the form of user interactions. © The Authors, (2022). All Rights Reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission may be made without written permission from the individual authors.

Cybersecurity Attacks and Vulnerabilities During COVID-19

As a result of quick transformation to digitalization for providing the employees teleworking/home office services with the capabilities to access company resources from outside the company over Internet using remote desktop and virtual private network (VPN) applications and the increase in digital activity during COVID-19 such as the usage of audio/video conferencing applications, many businesses have been victims of cyber attacks. This paper investigates whether there was an increase in the frequency of cyber attacks during COVID-19. It also identifies the motivations for such attacks in light of software/hardware/system vulnerabilities. Following this research, we also categorize vulnerabilities and develop a taxonomy. Such a taxonomy helped to identify the type of attacks on their frequency and their impact. To do that, we developed a research methodology to collect attack and vulnerability information from the selected databases. Using relevant key words, we developed the taxonomy that led us to create insightful information to answer the research questions that are thoroughly analyzed and presented accordingly. This work also recommended a list of mitigation measures that can be considered in the future to prepare the industry for a similar pandemic including establishing and maintaining a Information Security Management System (ISMS) by following relevant standards (ISO/SAE 2700x, BSI-Standards 200-x, SMEs: CISIS12®). © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

NATIVE: Network Aggregation based Tiled Live Video Streaming

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced most interactions to move to online space, starting from online lectures, conferences in hybrid mode, and work-from-home office works. Hence, it is essential for live video streaming to be reliable and provide a good quality of experience (QoE) to users. However, in large sections of the world, the cellular network is not reliable enough to be used for online participation in such events. To quantify this problem, we first measure the QoE in terms of lag, video resolution, and dropped calls on a popular video conferencing platform Google Meet over three different cellular ISPs in New Delhi, India. We observe significantly worse quality of experience metrics compared to a study recently performed in the US. To mitigate this problem, we propose NATIVE (Network Aggregation-based Tiled lIve Video strEaming), a system of aggregating the cellular network connectivity using a secondary or helper device in the vicinity trusted by the user. The implementation of NATIVE uses tiled encoding of video, where the video frames are divided into rectangular units known as tiles. All the tiles are divided into two subsets which are scheduled independently via the available network interfaces depending on its importance. The receiver device receives video segments from the two network paths and stitches back the tiles in them to play. We show the demo of NATIVE using two laptops and a cloud server where the server acts as a streamer. © 2023 IEEE.

CZECH WORKERS' RECONSIDERATION OF WORK FROM HOME DURING COVID-19

Employers and employees are continuing to experiment with work-from-home patterns. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the "home office,” a practice that has begun to slow down the pandemic by decreasing physical contact, has become the norm in Czechia. To fill a research gap in the new work-from-home (WFH) field, this paper's authors were interested in researching whether there are significant differences in Czech employees' perception between working remotely and going back into the office. An online questionnaire with 150 respondents was designed to answer the research question and test seven hypotheses. Data results for H3, H4, H5, and H6 were statistically proven. There are significantly more employees working from home at their own request than working from home solely at the company's request. Furthermore, employees with a separate office at home work there significantly more often than those without an individual office. The most common motivations for working from home are the absence of commuting (47.33%), flexibility (43.33%), and fewer interruptions (26%). In this context, while the acceptance of working from home has increased during the pandemic, the results from the survey suggest that the pandemic only had an accelerating effect. Most employees (>50%) have not changed their attitudes towards working from home. Only slightly more than a third of employees rate working in a home office enjoyable. Based on the received data, the tolerance of working from home in Czechia does not seem to withstand a downturn flexibility trend. In other words, the Czech workforce does not prefer working from home to become a fixture in the future. © 2023, Institute of Eastern Europe and Central Asia. All rights reserved.

Impactos e comportamento das gerações de trabalhadores do estado de São Paulo durante o período de quarentena (Pandemia COVID-19)

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de estudar quais foram os principais impactos e distúrbios desenvolvidos pelos trabalhadores no estado de São Paulo durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória que se utilizou de questionários respondidos por duzentas e quarenta e sete pessoas que estavam trabalhando em home office em virtude das medidas de isolamento social adotadas para barrar a proliferação do vírus. A pesquisa indica que talvez o maior problema na pandemia a ser enfrentado pelas empresas e pelos RH não seja o próprio vírus, agora que já existem vacinas, mas a forma com que a nossa sociedade está lidando com novas demandas de lockdown, homeschooling, isolamento social, distanciamento social e convivência em tempo integral com as pessoas de casa. Assim, os resultados do estudo sugerem a necessidade de as empresas adotarem iniciativas a fim de auxiliar todas as pessoas com sintomas ansiosos e depressivos, ocasionados pela adoção do isolamento social, principalmente em home office, oferecendo aos empregados solidariedade e apoio. Pode-se pensar em grupos de apoio em intranet das empresas redes sociais e programas de prevenção, conversas com psicólogos, orientações, dicas para superar e passar essa fase e muitos outros conteúdos relevantes para que promova o bem-estar e saúde mental dos trabalhadores. Entende-se que esse tipo de pesquisa deve ser repetido ao longo da pandemia e após seu término pelas próprias empresas para verificar a situação de seus empregados e direcionar ações mais específicas a cada caso.Alternate :This work aims to study what were the main impacts and disturbances developed by workers in the state of São Paulo during the Covid-19 pandemic. This is an exploratory research that used questionnaires answered by two hundred and forty-seven people who were working in the home office due to the social isolation measures adopted to stop the proliferation of the virus. The research indicates that perhaps the biggest problem in the pandemic to be faced by companies and HR is not the virus itself, now that vaccines already exist, but the way our society is dealing with new demands for lockdown, homeschooling, social isolation, social distance and full-time living with people at home. Thus, the results of the study suggest the need for companies to take initiatives in order to help all people with anxious and depressive symptoms, caused by the adoption of social isolation, especially in the home office, offering employees solidarity and support. One can think of support groups on companies intranet social networks and prevention programs, conversations with psychologists, guidelines, tips to overcome and pass this phase and many other relevant content to promote the well-being and mental health of workers. It is understood that this type of research must be repeated throughout the pandemic and after its end by the companies themselves to verify the situation of their employees and direct more specific actions to each case.

Does working from home work? Experience of working from home and the value of hybrid workplace post-COVID-19

PurposeThis study aims to understand how knowledge workers working from home during COVID-19 changed their views on physical work environments and working-from-home practices.Design/methodology/approachThis study conducted a survey targeting workers in the USA recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk. A total of 1,651 responses were collected and 648 responses were used for the analysis.FindingsThe perceived work-life balance improved during the pandemic compared to before, while the balance of physical boundaries between the workplace and home decreased. Workplace flexibility, environmental conditions of home offices and organizational supports are positively associated with productivity, satisfaction with working from home and work-life balance during the pandemic.Research limitations/implicationsWhile the strict traditional view of "showing” up in the office from Monday through Friday is likely on the decline, the hybrid workplace with flexibility can be introduced as some activities are not significantly affected by the work location, either at home-based or corporate offices. The results of this study also highlight the importance of organizations to support productivity and satisfaction in the corporate office as well as home. With the industry collaboration, future research of relatively large sample sizes and study sites, investigating workers' needs and adapted patterns of use in home-based and corporate offices, will help corporate real estate managers make decisions and provide some level of standardization of spatial efficiency and configurations of corporate offices as well as essential supports for home offices.Originality/valueThe pandemic-enforced working-from-home practices awaken the interdependence between corporate and home environments, how works are done and consequently, the role of the physical workplace. This study built a more in-depth understanding of how workers who were able to continue working from home during COVID-19 changed or not changed their views on physical work environments and working-from-home practices.

How Customer Responding to Coworking Spaces By 24 Hour Service Providers Under the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Case of Three Dummy Coworking Space Providers at Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

Purpose: This study objective was looking for the variables of customers' responding to coworking spaces during the covid-19 pandemic in Thailand. In the study we have set up three dummy coworking spaces in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand by testing the customers' responding to the dummy coworking spaces services. Design/methodology/approach: This research is qualitative research and attempted to sizing a coworking space customers' responding to the coworking space satisfaction, based on the various perspectives which described in sub-variables. The research instrument has been developed and created by using the quantitative method as a primary investigator (PI). The sample is four hundred customers who gave their insights about coworking spaces services by measuring their satisfactions. Findings: The results show that consumers are satisfied with product, price, promotion and place perspectives that provided by coworking space providers during covid-19. The recommendation for further study at other cow-orking spaces in many provinces, particularly in the big cities since the covid-19 crisis is getting more severe in the New Normal. Research limitations/implications: Time plays an important factor in the covid-19 crisis and makes a difference as far as prior and after immunization. The research framework needs to conduct more at other provinces for customer satisfaction variables confirmation. Originality/value: This research is original research which explored customers' satisfaction during the Covid-19 pandemic and it provides benefits for co-working space service providers. They adapt the co-working space suitable for people who are comfortable and safe. Furthermore, the co-working space service providers have a customer insight for new service creations. © 2023 People and Global Business Association.